Implementasi Kebijakan Program Makan Bergizi Gratis dalam Upaya Menurunkan Angka Stunting di Depok (Studi Kasus pada SD Negeri 02 Gandul, Depok)

Policy Implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program in Reducing Stunting Rates in Depok (A Case Study at State Elementary School 02 Gandul, Depok)

Abstract

Program Makan Bergizi Gratis merupakan kebijakan publik yang bertujuan meningkatkan asupan gizi siswa sekolah dasar untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan menurunkan angka stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis di SD Negeri 02 Gandul, Depok serta mengidentifikasi hambatan dan upaya solusinya. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori implementasi kebijakan George C. Edward III, yang meliputi variabel komunikasi, sumber daya, struktur birokrasi, dan disposisi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program berjalan cukup efektif, ditandai dengan distribusi makanan yang teratur dan dukungan dari guru serta penyedia layanan. Namun demikian, masih terdapat hambatan berupa perbedaan jadwal siswa, preferensi rasa terhadap makanan, dan minimnya koordinasi lintas sektor. Upaya yang dilakukan meliputi peningkatan komunikasi, penyesuaian waktu distribusi, dan pelibatan aktif seluruh pihak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan Program Makan Bergizi Gratis di SD Negeri 02 Gandul telah berjalan dengan baik, meskipun masih memerlukan penguatan dalam aspek teknis dan struktural agar manfaat program dapat lebih optimal.

Abstract

The Free Nutritious Meal Program is a public policy aimed at improving the nutritional intake of elementary school students to support growth and reduce stunting rates. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program at State Elementary School 02 Gandul, Depok, as well as to identify the obstacles encountered and the efforts undertaken to address them. The theoretical framework applied is George C. Edward III’s policy implementation theory, which encompasses the variables of communication, resources, bureaucratic structure, and disposition. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings indicate that the program implementation has been fairly effective, as evidenced by orderly food distribution and support from teachers and service providers. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including differences in students’ schedules, food taste preferences, and limited cross-sectoral coordination. The efforts undertaken include improving communication, adjusting distribution times, and actively involving all relevant stakeholders. It can be concluded that the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program at State Elementary School 02 Gandul has been carried out effectively, although further technical and structural strengthening is required to optimize the program’s benefits.