Motivation, Engagement, and Work-Life Balance: Key Drivers of Employee Performance at An Indonesian Bank

Authors

  • Dewi Rogayah STIE Harapan Bangsa
  • Laura Lahindah STIE Harapan Bangsa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31334/bijak.v22i2.5767

Keywords:

Work engagement; Work motivation; Work-life balance; Employee performance; Indonesian Bank;

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of work engagement, work motivation, and work-life balance on employee performance at Bank X. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS), the research reveals that work motivation significantly and positively influences employee performance, indicating that higher motivation leads to better job performance. Conversely, while work engagement demonstrates a positive correlation with performance, its effect is statistically insignificant, suggesting that merely enhancing engagement is insufficient without supportive factors such as motivation and a conducive work environment. Additionally, work-life balance positively impacts performance, yet this is also not statistically significant, highlighting the need for improved implementation of work-life balance policies. Overall, the findings emphasize the interconnectedness of motivation, engagement, and work-life balance in enhancing employee productivity. The study provides actionable recommendations for Bank X, including the development of motivational programs, the implementation of flexible work policies, and the establishment of a positive organizational culture. By adopting these strategies, Bank X can foster a more productive and satisfying work environment, ultimately enhancing overall employee performance.

References

Ab Wahab, M., & Tatoglu, E. (2020). Chasing productivity demands, worker well-being, and firm performance: The moderating effects of HR support and flexible work arrangements. Personnel Review, 49(9), 1823–1843. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-01-2019-0026

Abdirahman, H. I. H., Najeemdeen, I. S., Abidemi, B. T., & Ahmad, R. (2020). The Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Work-Life Balance and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance. Advances in Business Research International Journal, 4(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.24191/abrij.v4i1.10081

Al Marshoudi, F. B., Jamaluddin, Z., Ba Aween, A. M., Al Balushi, F. I., & Mohammad, B. A. (2023). The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement in the Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Organizational Performance. International Journal of Management Thinking, 1(2), 40–61. https://doi.org/10.56868/ijmt.v1i2.26

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2014). Job Demands–Resources Theory. Wellbeing, III, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118539415.wbwell019

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1990). A Motivational Approach to Self : Integration in Personality. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation 38:, 38(May 2014), 237–288.

Gagné, M., Forest, J., Gilbert, M., Aubé, C., Morin, E., & Malorni, A. (2010). The Motivation at Work Scale : Validation Evidence in Two Languages. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(4), 628 –646. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164409355698

Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. (2011). Work-family balance: A review and extension of the literature. Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology (2nd Ed.)., August, 165–183.

Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of work-life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.010

Hair, J. F., G. Tomas M. Hult, Christian M. Ringle, & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage, Second edi(Los Angeles : Sage, [2017]), 165.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. In Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Lab (Edition: 3, Vol. 46, Issues 1–2). Sage Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.002

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Hasan, H., Astuti, E. S., A, T. W., & Iqbal, M. (2020). Impact of Organizational Culture on Employee Engagement and Employee Performance: A Stimuli-Organism-Response Approach. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 23(4), 235–247.

Jazilah, B. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Job Demand terhadap Work Engagement melalui Burnout. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 8(3), 1038. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v8n3.p1038-1049

KAHN, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724.

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation - A 35- year odyssey. American Psychologist, 57(9), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.57.9.705

Navarro-Abal, Y., Sáenz-De la Torre, L. C., Gómez-Salgado, J., & Climent-Rodríguez, J. A. (2018). Job satisfaction and perceived health in Spanish construction workers during the economic crisis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102188

Onyebuchi, O., Obibhunun, L., & Omah, O. (2019). Impact of Employee Job Satisfaction on Organizational Performance IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE. Academic Journal of Current Research, 6(12), 554–563.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2022). Self-Determination Theory. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, Models and Theories, 1–7.

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(March 2003), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248 Job

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471

Silaban, H., & Margaretha, M. (2021). The Impact Work-Life Balance toward Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention: Study of Millennial Employees in Bandung City, Indonesia. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 7(3), 18–26. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.73.2002

Stankevičiūtė, Ž., & Savanevičienė, A. (2021). Linkage between leaders’ behaviour in performance management, organisational justice and work engagement in public sector. Economies, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9010015

Downloads

Published

2026-05-09

Issue

Section

Articles